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Wednesday, July 5, 2017
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#geek - #Top 10 Most Infamous Viruses and Malware
Top 10 Most Infamous Viruses and Malware
This is a list of 10 of the most infamous viruses and malware. Viruses and Malware are often seen as similar things but viruses are actually a type of malware, to learn more about the types of malware see the full article below. This article is not an absolute list and there are many viruses not covered here. If something wasn't covered feel free to discuss it in the comments below.
- Melissa
In 1999 while the internet was beginning to grow the Melissa virus grew to notoriety. The virus spread through email by sending messages from compromised outlook accounts. Melissa would have the subject that this was an urgent message and once opened would read' "Here is that document you asked for…don't show anyone else ;-)." The message would then include a file named LIST.doc. Once opened the file would send itself to the 50 first people in your contacts using your name. Melissa contained several pornographic website usernames and passwords. If the date and time lined up properly Melissa would also corrupt word files to read "Twenty-two points, plus triple-word score, plus fifty points for using all my letters. Game's over. I'm outta here." A reference to the Simpsons. This spreading overwhelmed various servers and shut down email systems. The creator of the virus was eventually found out to be David Smith who named the virus after a stripper. Ultimately Melissa would go on to cause around 1.1 billion dollars in damage worldwide and Smith went on to work with the FBI to fight viruses.
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I Love You
The ILOVEYOU or love bug virus started in May of 2000 and, just like Melissa, was spread using email and curiosity. The virus would work by sending an email with the subject "ILOVEYOU" and an attachment that said "LOVE-LETTER-FOR-YOU.txt.vbs" Though in most cases the .vbs was hidden making the file appear to be a simple .txt file. Once clicked on the virus would overwrite various files with itself, taking over everything from office documents to mp3s. The virus would then send itself to everyone in your windows address book. This would cause losses of data and the shutdown of various email services causing around $7 billion in damage and $15 billion to remove. The virus was ultimately traced back to the Philippines and the men responsible never severed time as local law did not have provisions for this sort of crime.
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Storm Worm
In late 2006 Storm Worm arose using click bate style emails. The most common email claimed to link to an article about how a storm in Europe killed 230 people, this is how Storm Worm got its name. Though, unlike the previous entries, Storm Worm used this access into computers to build a bot net or a network of computers working to collect information and further spread Storm Worm. The Storm Worm bot net differs from other bot nets as it does not use a central server but rather uses some of the computers it infects to operate. Storm Worm does not directly harm machines but rather is available for malicious people to hire. Once commissioned the bot net then spams networks to overwhelm them and cause failures. Though Storm Worm itself was shut down in 2008 various forms of Storm Worm still function to this day.
- SQL Slammer
Next on this list is the 2003 worm SQL Slammer. This worm worked by exploiting Microsoft SQL Server, once a server was infected it would spread the worm to other servers. The infected servers would send so much data it slowed down entire networks and shut down the internet in some areas. This caused flights to be canceled, companies to switch to pencil and paper and completely shut down the internet in South Korea. SQL Slammer lead to massive costs that could have been avoided as it exploited an old vulnerability that had been previously patched. What truly made this virus effective was its small size and its prey. Slammer was small enough to be undetected by most antivirus programs. Slammer focuses on servers not home computers, this meant it could cause massive damage with a smaller number of hosts. Though the creator was never caught SQL Slammer has been patched out.
- Flashback
The majority of viruses on this list effect Microsoft machines as they are the majority of machines used. Flashback is different from there other viruses as it effects Mac devices. Flashback targets a vulnerability in Java in order to create a bot net. Flashback is a Trojan that used infected websites to spread itself so a user would have to visit a specific website to become infected. It is estimated that Flashback was able to infect around 600,000 apple devices in mid-2012 before Oracle fixed the Java vulnerability. This attack caused apple to take viruses and security more seriously leading to changes in their advertisements wording to new security features.
- Cryptolocker
Cryptolocker was a ransomware type of malware that would encrypt important files and ask for a fee to have them returned if you didn't pay the fee in 72 hours your files would be lost forever. Starting in September of 2013 Cryptolocker spread through email. These emails would be generated through a botnet. Cryptolocker would pose as a message from a bank or other official service stating that they had a document for you to read. The file would appear as a PDF but once opened would actually launch Cryptolocker and begin to lock down your files. Once inside a machine Cryptolocker would infect everything the computer had access to, from hard drives, to flash drives to machines on a shared network. Because of this ability to spread Cryptolocker would compromise RAID arrays as well as continuous backups. This meant that even if you were actively backing up your data Cryptolocker could infect your backups as well, only separated backups were safe. Cryptolocker was a very advanced type of ransomware that experts struggled to crack and for a long period of time is was agreed the best way to get data back was to pay the ransom. Cryptolocker asked for around $300 in some form of untraceable currency such as bitcoin. It is not certain how much money this generated but it is estimated the creators made at least $3 million. Though as the attacks went on, in an attempt to slow or stop Cryptolocker, the servers hosting parts of it were shut down though this only served to make unpredictable if one would actually get their files back. As time went on antiviruses developed ways to protect from Cryptolocker.
- Code Red
Code Red was a unique worm found in July of 2001 that could infiltrate a computer just by being connected to the internet. Code Red would gain access by exploiting a vulnerability in Microsoft's internet information services. Once the worm had access it would spam the letter "N" until it overwhelmed the computer enough to gain access. The worm spread rapidly infecting computers and defacing websites to make them display "HELLO! Welcome to http://www.worm.com! Hacked By Chinese" Once Code Red infected a sufficient number of machines it would launch spam attacks to try and overwhelm preset IP addresses such as that of the Whitehouse. The attack on the Whitehouse was mitigated by changing its IP address once the plan was discovered. Though the creator was never caught a patch eliminated the worms effectiveness. This was another attack that could have been avoided by sufficient updates and backups as the vulnerability was patched a month prior to the attack.
- MYDOOM
This virus was the most expensive ever causing around $38 billion in damage. In 2004 the MYDOOM virus became the fastest spreading virus spreading through email and infecting 1 in 12 email accounts. The emails sent containing MYDOOM had a wide variety of names and content meant to trick users into opening the attachment. Once infected with MYDOOM the virus uses the devices to spam attack a specific target to overwhelm the system. The primary target was believed to be the SCO group as they were attacked by 25% of MYDOOM infected devices. The creator has never been found.
- Stuxnet
Stuxnet was one of the first cyber weapons ever created. Stuxnet was designed to target Iranian nuclear enrichment labs and cause the centrifuges used to destroy themselves while also preventing warning systems from going off. Stuxnet is such a complex cyber weapon entire articles and documentaries have been created about it. There are also countless theories about Stuxnet. It is believed Stuxnet was created by the United States and Israel and snuck into the Iranian nuclear facility on a flash drive but how this was done is unknown. Due to an Iranian Engineer connecting to the internet Stuxnet was free to infect all the computer systems linked to the internet. This means Stuxnet could attack any power system in the world. But Stuxnet has only one target it will attack and that is the Iranian nuclear system. The fear is that someone could alter the Stuxnet code in order to launch a mass attack, though this is all theory and speculation as there is so much mystery around Stuxnet. Stuxnet is one of if not the most complex viruses ever created believed to be around 20 times more complex than any other virus. Stuxnet is able to enter these security systems using stolen credentials from actual cyber security systems. Ultimately, everything above is just speculation and theory as this is such a complicated virus it is impossible be sure of the details. Though there is an existing tool that can stop and remove a Stuxnet infection.
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WannaCry
Similar to Cryptolocker WannaCry was a ransomware that went out in 2017 attacking windows XP computers. This included the UKs national health service, shutting down the hospital system for one day. WannaCry would charge between $300-$600 to get files returned though reports are unclear if anyone who paid the ransom got their files returned. Thankful the healthcare service had backed up their files and was able to quickly recover. WannaCry was built based off of a leaked NSA cyber weapon known as Eternal Blue. This weapon exploited an old vulnerability and a special patch was issued by Microsoft as the software impacted was so old it was no longer supported. This age to the software limited WannaCry's ability to infect typical computer users. The attack was stopped in a unique way in that the virus actually had a kill switch built into it so when a specific domain name was registered the attacks stopped.
The Take Away
The most important thing to remember about these viruses and malwares is to backup your data. By backing up your data even if a virus infects your computer you can get all your information back. You should also avoid clicking on strange email attachments. Keeping a good antivirus software on your computer is all key. Lastly, keep your computer up to date, a lot of the viruses exploited older and devices that had yet to be updated. For more information on how to keep yourself safe from viruses see the full article below.
Submitted July 05, 2017 at 02:00PM by filiomane
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